If you’re interested in reading the book in Filipino, I recommend getting a copy of Virgilio S. The original Spanish version is also free to read online. įor readers looking for online translations of El Fili, you’ll find The Reign of Greed, Charles Derbyshire’s English translation in Project Gutenberg, and an audiobook version of it in Librivox. For clarity and additional insights into difficult passages, I turned to the English translations by Ma.
It is a necessary conclusion to Noli Me Tangere, and must be read not just to discover Ibarra’s end, but to understand the sociocultural context of our history as a nation, and how this impacts our attempts to shape our present and our future.įor these chapter summaries, I relied heavily on Harold Augenbraum’s English translation for Penguin Classics. Although I must count El Filibusterismo as a tragedy of the saddest sort, I hold it in high esteem.
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